This article published in the Works of the Free Economic Society is considered to be the first research paper about potato cultivation in Russia. Its author, writer, philosopher, botanist and agriculturist Andrey Timofeyevich Bolotov became acquainted with potatoes in East Prussia where he fought in the Seven Years’ War. After the war, Bolotov retired and committed to agriculture. At his estate, he was the first in Russia to plant potatoes in the garden rather than the flowerbed and turned them into the bread number two for the Russians. He also introduced the German word “Kartashev” (meaning “potato” in English) because before that potato was called earth apple in Russia.