As any kindergarten kid knows, what is meant colloquially by the name Pirquet is a small scratch on the arm. Let us explain to the toddlers, and at the same time to many adults, that Pirquet is not a scratch but a person, and of the most aristocratic descent. He was going to devote himself to philosophy but became interested in medicine greatly benefiting the mankind. In 1906 the Austrian pediatrician introduced the term “allergy” which, translated from Greek, means “reaction to something foreign.” And in 1907 he offered a method for diagnosing tuberculosis – that very scratch.